Stock Market Faces Economic Headwinds Under Trump: What History Suggests

Yahoo Finance ·

Despite various macroeconomic hurdles, the S&P 500 and the Nasdaq Composite have surged 12% in 2026, putting both benchmarks on track for their fourth straight year of double-digit returns for the first time since the late 1990s. Nevertheless, investors recently encountered troubling macroeconomic news. Inflation accelerated in September as energy prices remained under pressure following President Trump's military actions against Iran. The Federal Reserve has already implemented one rate hike, and additional increases appear increasingly probable. Elevated interest rates jeopardize equities on two fronts. First, they enhance the appeal of bonds over stocks, which could siphon capital away from the equity market. Second, they drive up corporate borrowing costs, directly burdening business earnings growth and posing a significant challenge to the ongoing market rally.

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The S&P 500 and Nasdaq Composite each rose 12% in 2026, marking their fourth consecutive year of double-digit gains, but faced headwinds from accelerating inflation in September. President Trump's military action against Iran is putting pressure on energy prices, increasing the likelihood of additional Federal Reserve rate hikes. This is expected to enhance the appeal of bonds and increase corporate borrowing costs, acting as downward pressure on the stock market.

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The rise in energy prices due to military conflict with Iran has accelerated September inflation, increasing the probability of additional Fed rate hikes and delivering a direct blow to the stock market. High interest rates enhance the relative appeal of bonds and increase corporate financing costs, acting as factors that slow overall corporate earnings growth.

As a future scenario, if additional rate hikes materialize, large-scale capital outflows centered on growth stocks and a decline in stock prices are expected, while easing geopolitical risks could calm inflationary pressures. Indicators to watch are the results of the Fed's future rate decision meetings and the consumer price index (CPI) growth rate.

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